Amazon Athena ALTER TABLE query for Load Partitions throwing Permission Error

The most efficient way to assist your specific issue would be for you to open a technical support case and include the Athena Error and Execution ID from the Athena History (recent queries). This will enable the support folks to dive deep into the error you received.

Alternatively, I did find a document that states the Glue permissions [1] needed to alter an Athena Table. However, there are a number of services involved and the support folks can help you identify the specific permissions you are missing.

[1] https://docs.aws.amazon.com/athena/latest/ug/fine-grained-access-to-glue-resources.html