AWS Organizations - consolidated billing question?

No, it is not possible for each AWS account under one AWS Organization to be charged back on separate credit cards while using consolidated billing. The consolidated billing feature in AWS Organizations is designed to consolidate all charges from member accounts onto a single bill paid by the management account.

When you set up consolidated billing, the management account becomes responsible for paying the charges of all the member accounts in the organization. Each month, AWS charges the management account for all the member accounts in a consolidated bill. This means that only the payment method (such as a credit card) associated with the management account is used to pay for all charges across the organization.

The purpose of consolidated billing is to simplify payment and provide benefits such as combined usage across accounts for volume discounts and easier tracking of charges. While member accounts can still view their individual usage and costs, the actual payment is centralized through the management account.

If you need to track costs separately for each account, you can use cost allocation tags to categorize and track AWS costs for individual accounts. These allocations will be visible in the consolidated bill, allowing you to see a breakdown of costs per account, but the payment itself will still be processed through the management account's payment method.
Sources
Consolidating billing for AWS Organizations - AWS Billing
Consolidated billing process - AWS Billing
Set up consolidated billing for your organization | AWS re:Post
Billing and pricing for AWS Organizations - AWS Organizations

Only if you disable consolidated billing as follows https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awsaccountbilling/latest/aboutv2/consolidated-billing-emea.html#turn-off-instructions-aws-emea