如何在 Windows 中使用 CloudFormation 将驱动器号映射到 Amazon EBS 卷？

简短描述

您可以使用在启动期间运行的自定义脚本，通过 CloudFormation 在 Windows 中将驱动器号映射到 Amazon EBS 卷。

解决方法

1.    使用用于 Windows Server 2016 Base 或更高版本的 Amazon Machine Image (AMI) 启动 Windows 实例。

2.    （可选）手动创建 D 驱动器，然后将数据文件放在 D 驱动器中。要了解更多信息，请参阅使 Amazon EBS 卷可在 Windows 上使用。

3.    使用 ShutDown with the Sysprep (使用 Sysprep 关闭) 选项，从您的实例创建 AMI。要了解更多信息，请参阅使用 EC2Launch 配置 Windows 实例。

4.    根据以下模板创建 CloudFormation 堆栈。

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{
  "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09",
  "Description": "AWS CloudFormation template AV Group, Launch Config for EC2",
  "Resources": {
    "DBServer": {
      "Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
      "Metadata" : {
        "AWS::CloudFormation::Init" : {
          "config" : {
          "files" : {
            "c:\\cfn\\cfn-hup.conf" : {
            "content" : { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
              "[main]\n",
              "stack=", { "Ref" : "AWS::StackId" }, "\n",
              "region=", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" }, "\n"
              ]]}
            },
            "c:\\cfn\\hooks.d\\cfn-auto-reloader.conf" : {
            "content": { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
              "[cfn-auto-reloader-hook]\n",
              "triggers=post.update\n",
              "path=Resources.DBServer.Metadata.AWS::CloudFormation::Init\n",
              "action=cfn-init.exe -v -s ", { "Ref" : "AWS::StackId" },
                " -r DBServer",
                " --region ", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" }, "\n"
            ]]}
            },
            "c:\\cfn\\hooks.d\\drives.diskpart.txt" : {
              "content": { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
                "select disk 2\n",
                "attributes disk clear readonly\n",
                "clean\n",
                "online disk\n",
                "convert gpt\n",
                "create partition primary\n",
                "format quick fs=ntfs label=","\"","ORATEMP","\"","\n",
                "assign letter=X\n",
                "select disk 3\n",
                "attributes disk clear readonly\n",
                "clean\n",
                "online disk\n",
                "convert gpt\n",
                "create partition primary\n",
                "format quick fs=ntfs label=","\"","ORADATA","\"","\n",
                "assign letter=S\n",
                "select disk 1\n",
                "online disk\n"
              ]]}},
              "c:\\cfn\\hooks.d\\renamedrives.ps1" : {
                "content": { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
                  "diskpart /s c:\\cfn\\hooks.d\\drives.diskpart.txt\n"
              ]]}}
          },
          "commands" : {
            "1-rename-drives" : {
              "command" : "powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -NoLogo -NonInteractive -NoProfile -File c:\\cfn\\hooks.d\\renamedrives.ps1",
              "waitAfterCompletion" : "0"
            },
            "2-signal-success" : {
              "command" : { "Fn::Join" : [ "", [
                "cfn-signal.exe -e %ERRORLEVEL% \"",
                { "Fn::Base64" : { "Ref" : "WindowsServerWaitHandle" }},
                "\""]]
              }
            }
          },
          "services" : {
            "windows" : {
            "cfn-hup" : {
              "enabled" : "true",
              "ensureRunning" : "true",
              "files" : ["c:\\cfn\\cfn-hup.conf", "c:\\cfn\\hooks.d\\cfn-auto-reloader.conf"]
            }
            }
          }
          }
        }
      },
      "Properties": {
        "ImageId": "ami-01xxxxxxxxxx",
        "InstanceType": "m4.xlarge",
        "KeyName": "xxxxxxxx",
        "BlockDeviceMappings": [
          {"DeviceName": "xvdg","Ebs":{"VolumeSize":"20"}},
          {"DeviceName": "xvdm","Ebs":{"VolumeSize":"20"}}
        ],
        "Tags": [ {
          "Key": "Name",
          "Value": {"Fn::Join": ["-", ["DB",{"Ref": "AWS::StackName"}]]}
        }],
        "UserData" : { "Fn::Base64" : { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
          "<powershell>\n",
          "cfn-init.exe -v -s ", { "Ref" : "AWS::StackId" },
          " -r DBServer",
          " --region ", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" }, "\n",
          "</powershell>"
        ]]}}
      }
    },
    "WindowsServerWaitHandle" : {
      "Type" : "AWS::CloudFormation::WaitConditionHandle"
    },
    "WindowsServerWaitCondition" : {
      "Type" : "AWS::CloudFormation::WaitCondition",
      "DependsOn" : "DBServer",
      "Properties" : {
        "Handle" : {"Ref" : "WindowsServerWaitHandle"},
        "Timeout" : "1800"
      }
    }
  }
}

**注意：**上述模板包含一个脚本，该脚本可使用驱动器号 X 创建磁盘 2，使用驱动器号 S 创建磁盘 3。

以下脚本是步骤 4 中所示模板的一部分，在此处标注以示强调。该脚本可使用主启动记录 (MBR) 分区结构配置卷，将卷格式化为 NTFS 卷，然后分配驱动器号。

"select disk 2\n",
"attributes disk clear readonly\n",
"clean\n",
"online disk\n",
"convert gpt\n",
"create partition primary\n",
"format quick fs=ntfs label=","\"","ORATEMP","\"","\n",
"assign letter=X\n",
"select disk 3\n",
"attributes disk clear readonly\n",
"clean\n",
"online disk\n",
"convert gpt\n",
"create partition primary\n",
"format quick fs=ntfs label=","\"","ORADATA","\"","\n",
"assign letter=S\n",
"select disk 1\n",
"online disk\n"

5.    将脚本移到 AWS::CloudFormation::Init 的文件部分，然后使用命令部分运行脚本。

**注意：**Disk0 始终为根卷。

**提示：**Windows 资源管理器按字母顺序显示驱动器序列。要从 CloudFormation 模板查找已分配给盘符的磁盘编号，请在磁盘管理实用工具中运行 diskmgmt 命令。

6.    部署您的实例，然后使用远程桌面协议 (RDP) 连接到您的实例。

在本示例中，您的实例现在具有四个驱动器。您的 D 驱动器具有在步骤 1 中保存的数据文件。

Drive D          =====> Drive with the data file
Drive S          =====> This is the Disk 3 
Drive X          =====> This is the Disk 2

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